1. Understand
the problem
·
The problem should be clearly defined.
It is divided into three components:
ü Input
ü Output
ü Processing
·
Programmers should clearly understand,
“what are the inputs to the program”, “what is expected as output”, and “how to
process inputs to generate necessary outputs”.
2. Outline
the solution
The programmer should define the
major steps required to solve the problem, any subtasks, the major variables
and data structures that are to be used in the program, and most importantly
the underlined logic.
3. Develop
the algorithm
The algorithm lays out a segment of
precise steps that describes exactly the tasks to be performed and the order in
which they are to be carried out to solve a problem.
4. Test
the algorithm for correctness
·
The programmer must make sure that the
algorithm is correct.
·
The objective is to identify major logic
errors early, so that they may be easily corrected.
·
Test data should be applied to each
step, to check whether the algorithm actually does what it is supposed to.
5. Code
the algorithm
After all the design considerations
have been met and when the algorithm has been finalized, the code is written in
a suitable programming language.
6. Compile
·
While compiling syntax errors can be
identified.
·
If there are no syntax errors, the
program gets compiled and it produces an executable program.
7. Run
the program
·
Executable program generated after
compiling can then be executed.
·
While the program is running, runtime
errors and sometimes logic errors cab be identified, which are corrected
accordingly.
8. Test,
document and maintain the program
·
Test
the running program using the test data to make sure program is producing
correct output.
·
All the steps involved in developing the
program algorithm and code should be documented for future reference.
·
Programmers should also maintain
and update the program according to new or changing requirements.
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